Ana Sayfa / Code Reference / Zoning Regulation
Turkish Zoning Regulation — Clause Reference
Site coverage and floor area ratios, lifts, stairs, ramps, minimum room sizes and parking demand, with clause numbers. Tables are read live from the calculation engine.
How this page works
The tables are not hand-written; they are read from the data inside engine/imar.js. The same data feeds six calculation tools. Both regulations are public law published in the Official Gazette.
1. Site coverage and floor area ratio — Clauses 4, 22
Site coverage ratio: the ratio of building footprint to plot area. The footprint is computed by taking together the ground-floor projection and all basement storeys that remain above natural or finished ground because of site slope.
Floor area ratio: the ratio of the sum of all constructed floor areas to the plot area. Basements, mezzanines, habitable roof spaces and open or enclosed projections are included; areas excluded from the ratio are deducted.
Clause 4(5) — often missed
Both ratios are computed on the net plot area (as amended 25/7/2019). Areas excluded from the floor area ratio are listed in Clause 22: lift shafts, fire stairs and lobbies, light wells, shelters, parking and so on — each with its own conditions.
2. Lifts — Clause 34
| Storeys | Requirement |
|---|---|
| 3 storeys | a lift shaft must be provided |
| 4 storeys and above | a lift must be installed |
| Lift type | Car short side | Car area | Door clear width |
|---|---|---|---|
| Building with a single lift | ≥ 1.20 m | ≥ 1.80 m² | ≥ 0.90 m |
| 10 storeys and above — goods/stretcher | ≥ 1.20 m | ≥ 2.52 m² | ≥ 1.10 m |
When more than one lift is required
Public buildings with a floor area over 800 m² and more than 3 storeys · buildings of 10 storeys and above under the development plan · buildings with more than 20 dwellings above ground.
Clause 31: the landing onto which the lift door opens must be ≥ 1.20 m for sliding doors and ≥ 1.50 m for outward-opening doors.
Clause 31: the landing onto which the lift door opens must be ≥ 1.20 m for sliding doors and ≥ 1.50 m for outward-opening doors.
3. Stairs — Clause 31
2a + b = 0.60 to 0.64 m
a = riser height, b = tread depth. Tread depth ≥ 0.27 m.
| Building | Max riser height |
|---|---|
| Buildings without a lift | 0.16 m |
| Buildings with a lift | 0.18 m |
Winder stairs
The tread must be ≥ 0.10 m at the inner edge and ≥ 0.27 m at mid-width; nosings must not project.
Common stair flight and landing widths in dwellings are computed under the fire code.
Common stair flight and landing widths in dwellings are computed under the fire code.
4. Ramps — Clause 30(12)
The binding ramp gradients are here, in public law. TS 9111 also covers ramp gradients; where the two differ, the regulation in force governs.
| Rise | Max gradient | Percent | Min ramp run |
|---|---|---|---|
| loading… | |||
Other ramp dimensions
Clear width ≥ 90 cm (≥ 100 cm in public buildings) · landings ≥ 150 × 150 cm · handrails at two levels, 90 cm and 70 cm, graspable at 32–45 mm diameter · kerb ≥ 5 cm on any unprotected side.
Where the rise exceeds 15 cm or the horizontal run exceeds 200 cm, guardrails are required on both sides; ramps wider than 300 cm need a central handrail.
The footprint is larger than intuition suggests: a rise of 80 cm needs at least 13.33 m of ramp, which exceeds the 9 m limit and therefore requires an intermediate landing; with landings it occupies 17.83 m on plan. The ramp simulation shows this live.
Where the rise exceeds 15 cm or the horizontal run exceeds 200 cm, guardrails are required on both sides; ramps wider than 300 cm need a central handrail.
The footprint is larger than intuition suggests: a rise of 80 cm needs at least 13.33 m of ramp, which exceeds the 9 m limit and therefore requires an intermediate landing; with landings it occupies 17.83 m on plan. The ramp simulation shows this live.
5. Minimum room sizes — Clause 29
| Room | Min short side | Min clear area |
|---|---|---|
| loading… | ||
Daylighting — an honest gap
No fixed window-to-floor area ratio (such as 1/8 or 1/10) could be found in the zoning regulation currently in force. Daylighting is regulated through minimum room dimensions, the requirement for openable windows, and light-well rules.
Such a ratio may exist in the superseded regulation for unplanned areas or in local municipal by-laws. This page and the corresponding tool do not invent one.
Light-well rule: at most 4 rooms per storey may draw light from one minimum-size light well or air shaft; an air shaft is at least 0.60 × 0.60 m. In wet rooms without mechanical ventilation, the ventilation window must be ≥ 0.30 × 0.30 m clear.
Such a ratio may exist in the superseded regulation for unplanned areas or in local municipal by-laws. This page and the corresponding tool do not invent one.
Light-well rule: at most 4 rooms per storey may draw light from one minimum-size light well or air shaft; an air shaft is at least 0.60 × 0.60 m. In wet rooms without mechanical ventilation, the ventilation window must be ≥ 0.30 × 0.30 m clear.
6. Parking demand
| Use | Parking requirement |
|---|---|
| loading… | |
Superseded value warning
The 2005/2006 parking regulation used "1 per 3 flats" for dwellings and "1 per 30 m²" for shops and offices. Those are superseded. The system in force came with the 2018 amendment and is based on flat size for dwellings. Municipal PDFs showing the old table are still online.
Electric vehicles: new buildings whose minimum required parking is 20 spaces or more must provide 5% as EV charging spaces (from 1/1/2023).
Electric vehicles: new buildings whose minimum required parking is 20 spaces or more must provide 5% as EV charging spaces (from 1/1/2023).